When we wrote the first edition of this book, we directed our presenta­ tion to the reader with a compelling interest in musical instruments who has "a reasonable grasp of physics and who is not frightened by a little mathematics." We are delighted to find how many such people there are. The opportunity afforded by the preparation of this second edition has allowed us to bring our discussion up to date by including those new insights that have arisen from the work of many dedicated researchers over the past decade. We have also taken the opportunity to revise our presentation of some aspects of the subject to make it more general and, we hope, more immediately accessible. We have, of course, corrected any errors that have come to our attention, and we express our thanks to those friends who pointed out such defects in the early printings of the first edition. We hope that this book will continue to serve as a guide, both to those undertaking research in the field and to those who simply have a deep interest in the subject. June 1991 N.H.F and T.D.R.

This book provides an in-depth introduction to radiotherapy physics. The emphasis in much of the work is on the clinical aspects of the field. Uniquely useful for both the physicist and non-physicist, Clinical Radiotherapy Physics gradually and sequentially develops each of its topics in clear, concise language. It includes important mathematical analyses, yet is written so that these sections can be skipped, if desired, without compromising understanding. The book is divided into seven parts covering basic physics (Parts I-II), equipment for radiotherapy (Part III), radiation dosimetry (Parts IV-V), radiation treatment planning (Part VI), and radiation safety and shielding (Part VII). For radiation oncologists, radiation therapists, and clinical physicists.

Learning solid state physics involves a certain degree of maturity, since it involves tying together diverse concepts from many areas of physics. The objective is to understand, in a basic way, how solid materials behave. To do this one needs both a good physical and mathematical background. One definition of solid state physics is that it is the study of the physical (e.g. the electrical, dielectric, magnetic, elastic, and thermal) properties of solids in terms of basic physical laws. In one sense, solid state physics is more like chemistry than some other branches of physics because it focuses on common properties of large classes of materials. It is typical that solid state physics emphasizes how physics properties link to electronic structure. We have retained the term solid state physics, even though condensed matter physics is more commonly used. Condensed matter physics includes liquids and non-crystalline solids such as glass, which we shall not discuss in detail. Modern solid state physics came of age in the late thirties and forties, and had its most extensive expansion with the development of the transistor, integrated circuits, and microelectronics. Most of microelectronics, however, is limited to the properties of inhomogeneously doped semiconductors. Solid state physics includes many other areas of course; among the largest of these are ferromagnetic materials, and superconductors. Just a little less than half of all working physicists are in condensed matter.

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Professor Born, one of the most distinguished physicists of our time, has selected some of his most popular writings covering a period of thirty years, framed between his introduction to Einstein's Theory of Relativity (1921) and the postscript to the American edition of The Restless Universe (1951). It includes several discussions of Einstein's work, a short autobiography and articles dealing with the philosophical background of physics and its revolutionary changes during Professor Born's lifetime. Each treatment of a problem illuminates it from a different angle - all of them from a personal point of view.

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Physics of Sedimentology explains sedimentological processes via the fundamental physics that underlies the actual mechanisms involved. The applicability of fundamental principles, such as Newton's Three Laws of Motion, the Law of Conservation of Energy, the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, and of other physical relations in hydraulics and groundwater hydrology is illustrated by discussions of natural processes which form sediments and sedimentary rocks. The author's educational background as a major in physics and geology, and his 40-years' experience in teaching and research have enabled him to bring together physics and geology in this enjoyable and highly readable book. In this second edition several chapters have been updated and amended to reflect progress in the field.

The idea for this book began over four decades ago when Edward Teller began teaching physics appreciation courses at the University of Chicago. Then, as now, Dr. Teller believes that illiteracy in science is an increasingly great danger to American society, not only for our chil­ dren but also for our growing adult population. On one hand, the future of every individual on this globe is closely related to science and its applications. Fear of the results of science, which has become prevalent in much of the Western World, leads to mistaken decisions in important political affairs. But this book speaks of no fears and of no decisions-only of the facts that can prevent one of them and indirectly guide the others. From the perspective of this book, a second point is even more vii viii PREFACE significant. The first quarter of this century has seen the most won­ derful and philosophically most important transformation in our thinking. The intellectual and aesthetic values of the points of view of Einstein and Bohr cannot be overestimated. Nor should they be hidden at the bottom of tons of mathematical rubble. Our young people must be exposed to science both because it is useful and because it is fun. Both of these qualities should be taken at a truly high value.

Un'approfondita e intrigante indagine sulla storia aziendale di Nvidia, dal suo esordio nel 1993 fino alla recente ed esplosiva ascesa: i suoi chip stanno alimentando la rivoluzione dell'AI generativa, e la domanda è insaziabile. Al centro di questo libro, dal ritmo serrato degno di un thriller, c'è il carismatico fondatore e CEO Jensen Huang, la cui determinazione e visione strategica hanno permesso a Nvidia di superare difficoltà quasi fatali e diventare il maggiore colosso tecnologico del mercato, con una valutazione di oltre 3 trilioni di dollari nel 2024..

It is a trite and often lamented fact that every academic discipline suffers from the malady of overspecialization and expertise. Who, in his scholarly experience, has not encountered technical gibberish and the jargon of the pundit? The contributors to this work have aUempted to remove the artifi­ cial barriers between these respective disciplines. The purpose of this volume is to explore the ever present links between logic, physical reality, and history. Indeed there are not two or three or four cuItures: there is only one culture; our generation has lost its awareness of this. Though serious, it is not tragic. All we need is to free ourselves from the fetters of mere "technicalese" and search for a comprehensive interpretation of logical and physical theories. His'torians, logicians, physicists - all are banded in one common enterprise, namely in their desire to weave an enlightened fabric of human knowledge. It is a current, and perhaps weJcome, trend in philosophie inquiry to de-psychologize systems, methods, and theories. However, there is an equally fashionable tendency to minimize or even eschew the historical aspects of logical and physical theories, and analogously, there is a deep­ seated mistrust among physicists and cosmologists against the seemingly pure abstractions of logical formalisms.

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Nel 1985, la Russia è a un punto di svolta, a cavallo tra la dissoluzione dell'Unione Sovietica e le promesse forse un po' troppo dorate del capitalismo. È qui, nelle distese desolate della gelida Siberia, che nasce Alexej, anche lui a cavallo tra due mondi: timido e sensibile, vive nella sua immaginazione per scappare dalla realtà, rifugiandosi nel vivido e rassicurante mondo della poesia. Tutto però cambia per lui quando un compagno di classe, figlio di agenti del KGB, gli confessa il suo amore, e soprattutto quando Alexej si rende conto di esserne innamorato a sua volta. L'idealismo e la purezza di questo primo amore si scontrano con una realtà fatta di odio e repressione, che tuttavia Alexej è pronto a sfidare per vivere libero e affermare la sua identità. Così il ragazzo cerca la propria strada, forte di un'incrollabile determinazione e dell'aiuto di una madre coraggiosa; ma sarà abbastanza per sopravvivere a un Paese che lo vuole morto per il “terribile crimine” di essere apertamente sé stesso?