This thesis deals with an optimization problem from the field of theoretical plasma physics. Specifically, it deals with the question of how the accelerated electrons are spatially arranged in a plasma wave generated by a laser pulse. An internal structure of this so-called witness beam is of interest for the radiation characteristics of such electron beams, in particular with regard to the coherence of the generated radiation. The resulting internal structure of the electron beam is a result of the interaction of the electrons with each other and the electric fields of the wakefield, therefore it is determined by solving a minimization problem. The thesis builds on previous results in this field and aims to find suggestions for improved algorithms to determine the minimum sought.

More and more investors have integrated ESG criteria into their investment criteria, and an increasing number of banks are supplementing their lending guidelines with ESG aspects. With a lived ESG strategy and ESG communication, companies consequently become more attractive to investors and banks.

This edited book is a compilation of the chapters on the recent advances made in the field of disease management in various field crops. It covers host resistance, regulatory mechanism as well as non-chemical methods and computer-based applications in disease management. Molecular marker assisted selection, proteomic approaches, CRISPR-Cas mediated technology to improve food quality and minimize negative public health impact associated with crop diseases is also discussed. Plant diseases continue to be major challenge to global crop production, especially field crops, inflicting not only crop yield losses to farmers, but also decline quality as well as nutritional value leading threat to global food security. According to FAO statistics, there is a need of 70% steady increase in agricultural production to fulfil the food requirements of 9.1 billion populations by 2050, and annual global crop losses due to pests and diseases have been estimated to be about 30%. Therefore, the book aims at bringing out a comprehensive information on field crop diseases, plant disease detection and diagnosis, monitoring, forecasting/forewarning, and management. The book is very useful for students, teachers, researchers, planners/administrators, and also the end users at national and international level.